Do You Know the Working Principle and Application Field of Cryogenic Centrifugal Pump?

Cryogenic centrifugal pump is a special pump equipment, mainly used for the transportation of cryogenic liquid. Its working principle is to use the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the impeller to suck the liquid from the inlet and throw it to the outlet, so as to realize the continuous transportation of the liquid. This pump has the advantages of compact structure, smooth operation and high efficiency, and can still maintain good working performance in a low temperature environment.

The core component of the cryogenic centrifugal pump is the impeller. When the impeller rotates at high speed, the liquid between the blades is affected by the centrifugal force and is thrown from the center of the impeller to the edge of the impeller. At the same time, a low-pressure area is formed in the center of the impeller, and new liquid is continuously sucked in. In this way, the liquid flows continuously from the inlet to the outlet under the action of the impeller, completing the transportation process.

The main components of the centrifugal cryogenic pump are made of low-temperature resistant materials to ensure that it can still work normally at extremely low temperatures. The pump body adopts a strict sealing design to prevent leakage of cryogenic liquid and ensure safe operation. The optimized impeller and flow channel reduce flow resistance, improve the efficiency of the pump, and achieve energy saving and consumption reduction.

The cryogenic pump adopts a symmetrical arrangement in structure to ensure uniform contraction in a low temperature environment. At the same time, the double shell structure design helps to maintain low temperature and prevent medium leakage. In order to prevent friction heat from causing liquefied gas to vaporize and damage the friction surface, balance holes, symmetrical arrangements and thrust bearings are often used, and balance discs are avoided as much as possible to balance the axial force (balance drums can be used when necessary).

The cryogenic centrifugal pump has a wide range of applications, covering petrochemicals, bioengineering, pharmaceuticals, steel, chemical fibers, energy, refrigeration and other industries. They are often used to handle low-temperature media between -50℃ and -150℃, such as methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, dichloromethane, Freon, etc. In addition, urban liquefied natural gas emergency gasification stations, LNG receiving gate stations, high-pressure nitrogen/oxygen airport ground support systems and other occasions are also inseparable from the application of cryogenic pumps. In places such as LNG receiving stations, storage tanks and gas filling stations, centrifugal cryogenic pumps are used to extract LNG from storage tanks and transport it to gasifiers or gas filling machines.

In chemical production, many reactions need to be carried out under low temperature conditions. Centrifugal cryopumps provide a stable and reliable liquid delivery solution for these reactions. Cryogenic pumps are also used in nitrogen/carbon dioxide filling equipment for oil well stimulation, nitrogen fire extinguishers in coal mines, and high-pressure nitrogen test equipment in chemical plants. In the field of aerospace, cryogenic pumps also play an important role, such as nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen testing and filling equipment. In addition, high-pressure liquefied gas bottling and filling systems, pipeline pressurization and gasification equipment for hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, as well as loading and unloading pumps and circulating pumps for cryogenic tank trucks and cryogenic storage tanks, are all inseparable from the support of cryogenic pumps. In addition, cryogenic pumps can also be used for combustion oxygen supply in industrial kilns, providing stable and reliable oxygen supply guarantee for oxygen-enriched combustion.

In space launches and flight tests, cryogenic propellants such as liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen are required. Cryogenic centrifugal pumps play a key role in these occasions to ensure a stable supply of propellants.

Centrifugal cryogenic pumps occupy an important position in the industrial field with their unique advantages and wide application fields. With the continuous advancement of science and technology and the rapid development of industry, centrifugal cryogenic pumps will usher in a broader market prospect and development space.